Documentation

Mathlib.Tactic.CategoryTheory.Coherence.Normalize

Normalization of 2-morphisms in bicategories #

This file provides a function that normalizes 2-morphisms in bicategories. The function also used to normalize morphisms in monoidal categories. This is used in the string diagram widget given in Mathlib/Tactic/StringDiagram.lean, as well as monoidal and bicategory tactics.

We say that the 2-morphism η in a bicategory is in normal form if

  1. η is of the form α₀ ≫ η₀ ≫ α₁ ≫ η₁ ≫ ... αₘ ≫ ηₘ ≫ αₘ₊₁ where each αᵢ is a structural 2-morphism (consisting of associators and unitors),
  2. each ηᵢ is a non-structural 2-morphism of the form f₁ ◁ ... ◁ fₙ ◁ θ, and
  3. θ is of the form ι₁ ◫ ... ◫ ιₗ, and
  4. each ιᵢ is of the form κ ▷ g₁ ▷ ... ▷ gₖ.

Note that the horizontal composition is not currently defined for bicategories. In the monoidal category setting, the horizontal composition is defined as the tensorHom, denoted by .

Note that the structural morphisms αᵢ are not necessarily normalized, as the main purpose is to get a list of the non-structural morphisms out.

Currently, the primary application of the normalization tactic in mind is drawing string diagrams, which are graphical representations of morphisms in monoidal categories, in the infoview. When drawing string diagrams, we often ignore associators and unitors (i.e., drawing morphisms in strict monoidal categories). On the other hand, in Lean, it is considered difficult to formalize the concept of strict monoidal categories due to the feature of dependent type theory. The normalization tactic can remove associators and unitors from the expression, extracting the necessary data for drawing string diagrams.

The string diagrams widget is to use Penrose (https://github.com/penrose) via ProofWidget. However, it should be noted that the normalization procedure in this file does not rely on specific settings, allowing for broader application. Future plans include the following. At least I (Yuma) would like to work on these in the future, but it might not be immediate. If anyone is interested, I would be happy to discuss.

Main definitions #

Expressions of the form η ▷ f₁ ▷ ... ▷ fₙ.

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    Expressions of the form η₁ ⊗ ... ⊗ ηₙ.

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      Expressions of the form f₁ ◁ ... ◁ fₙ ◁ η.

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        Whether a given 2-isomorphism is structural or not.

        @[reducible, inline]

        Expressions for structural isomorphisms. We do not impose the condition isStructural since it is not needed to write the tactic.

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          Normalized expressions for 2-morphisms.

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            A monad equipped with the ability to construct WhiskerRight terms.

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              A monad equipped with the ability to construct HorizontalComp terms.

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                A monad equipped with the ability to construct WhiskerLeft terms.

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                  A monad equipped with the ability to construct NormalExpr terms.

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                    The domain of a 2-morphism.

                    The codomain of a 2-morphism.

                    The domain of a 2-morphism.

                    The codomain of a 2-morphism.

                    The domain of a 2-morphism.

                    The codomain of a 2-morphism.

                    The codomain of a 2-morphism.

                    The identity 2-morphism as a term of normalExpr.

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                      The associator as a term of normalExpr.

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                        The inverse of the associator as a term of normalExpr.

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                          The left unitor as a term of normalExpr.

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                            The inverse of the left unitor as a term of normalExpr.

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                              The right unitor as a term of normalExpr.

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                                The inverse of the right unitor as a term of normalExpr.

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                                  Construct a NormalExpr expression from a WhiskerLeft expression.

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                                    Construct a NormalExpr expression from a Lean expression for an atomic 2-morphism.

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                                      Convert a NormalExpr expression into a list of WhiskerLeft expressions.

                                      The result of evaluating an expression into normal form.

                                      • expr : NormalExpr

                                        The normalized expression of the 2-morphism.

                                      • proof : Lean.Expr

                                        The proof that the normalized expression is equal to the original expression.

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                                        Evaluate the expression α ≫ β.

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                                          Evaluate the expression f ◁ η.

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                                            Evaluate the expression η ▷ f.

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                                              Evaluate the expression η ◫ θ.

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                                                Evaluate the expression of a 2-morphism into a normalized form.

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                                                  Evaluate the expression α ≫ η into a normalized form.

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                                                    Evaluate the expression η ≫ θ into a normalized form.

                                                    Evaluate the expression f ◁ η into a normalized form.

                                                    Evaluate the expression η ▷ f into a normalized form.

                                                    Evaluate the expression η ▷ f into a normalized form.

                                                    Evaluate the expression η ⊗ θ into a normalized form.

                                                    Evaluate the expression η ⊗ θ into a normalized form.

                                                    Trace the proof of the normalization.

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                                                      Evaluate the expression of a 2-morphism into a normalized form.